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SolutionsNomenclature

1. Name the acids

Give the IUPAC name of: a) CH3CH2CH(CH3)COOH; b) HOOC–CH2–CH2–COOH; c) CH2=CH–COOH; d) C6H5–COOH; e) CH3CH(Cl)CH2COOH.

  1. 2-Methylbutanoic acid.
  2. Butanedioic acid (succinic acid).
  3. Propenoic acid (acrylic acid).
  4. Benzenecarboxylic acid (benzoic acid).
  5. 3-Chlorobutanoic acid.

2. Write the formulas

Write the formula of: a) 3-oxopentanoic acid; b) 2-hydroxypropanoic acid (lactic acid); c) cyclohexanecarboxylic acid; d) 4-methylpent-3-enoic acid.

  1. CH3CH2–CO–CH2–COOH.
  2. CH3–CH(OH)–COOH.
  3. C6H11–COOH: the COOH group bonded to a cyclohexane ring.
  4. (CH3)2C=CH–CH2–COOH.

The COOH carbon is always C1 of the chain; when the group is bonded to a ring, the suffix "-carboxylic acid" is used and the ring carbon that bears it is C1.

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