Nomenclature
Nomenclature rules are complex, and we will only name relatively simple molecules. Look at the following examples of representative carbonyl compounds.
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When they are the principal function, aldehydes and ketones take the suffixes -al and -one, respectively.
As usual, the longest chain containing the carbonyl group and as many of the other functions as possible is chosen.
Numbering starts at the aldehyde. In a ketone, the chain is numbered so that the carbonyl group gets the lowest possible number.
The aldehyde or ketone is not always the principal function. Look at the examples to see how this is solved.
