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Other Electrophilic Additions

Besides halogens, other electrophilic reagents add to the C=C double bond. The most important are hydrogen halides and water, which follow Markovnikov's rule.

Addition of HX to an alkene with molecular models

Addition of HX (X = halogen)

 Hydration of isobutene in acid: slow protonation, fast attack of water on the carbocation and deprotonation

Addition of H2O