Problems and exercisesSubstitution of Substituted Benzenes
1. Reading the table
Using the data in the nitration table (relative rate and isomer ratio), rank in order of decreasing reactivity towards nitration: chlorobenzene, phenol, nitrobenzene, toluene and benzene.
2. Major products
Give the major product of the nitration of: a) toluene; b) bromobenzene; c) benzoic acid; d) trifluoromethylbenzene.
3. Statistical factor
Toluene gives 58% of the ortho product and 38% of the para. Which position is more reactive?